CITS POT Study Blog

Teaching Methods carries the highest weightage — 42 questions in the question bank. These are the ones you absolutely cannot miss: Q. What is the correct sequence of the four-step method of teaching? ✓ Answer: Preparation → Presentation → Application → Testing Remember: PPAT. Never confuse the order — Testing always comes last. Q. What is the main difference between an instructor and a teacher? ✓ Answer: A teacher gives knowledge and an instructor imparts skills This is a very direct question. Teacher = knowledge. Instructor = skills. Q. Which Instructional Technology method asks students to come to class after reading or preparing? ✓ Answer: Flipped classroom Q. A role play is a type of teaching delivery activity under the category of ________. ✓ Answer: Simulation Q. What is the final step of teaching? ✓ Answer: Testing

Q. B.F. Skinner’s theory of learning through the consequences of our behaviour is called ___. ✓ Answer: Operant conditioning Key distinction: Pavlov = Classical conditioning | Skinner = Operant conditioning | Kohler = Insight theory Q. In learning psychology, Skill is related to Hand. In the same way, Attitude is related to ___. ✓ Answer: Heart The triad: Skill → Hand | Attitude → Heart | Knowledge → Head Q. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, needs are classified into ___ levels. ✓ Answer: 5 levels Order from bottom: Physiological → Safety → Belonging & Love → Esteem → Self-Actualization

Q. According to Kirkpatrick there are 4 levels of evaluation. Which focuses on knowledge, skills and attitude changes? ✓ Answer: Learning (Level 2) Kirkpatrick 4 levels: Reaction → Learning → Behaviour → Results Q. Which one of the following is another name of a practical test? ✓ Answer: Performance test Q. Objective is an important characteristic of a good test. It affects both validity and ___ of test scores. ✓ Answer: Reliability Q. Which of the following is a type of objective test? ✓ Answer: Fill in the blanks, True or false, Matching — All of these

Q. The Teacher End in the Distance Learning Program of DGT is known as ___. ✓ Answer: Studio (Hub) Q. A-VIEW Software used in the Hub and Spoke Program of DGT is developed by ___. ✓ Answer: Amrita University, Coimbatore Q. IGNOU was established by an act of Parliament in ___. ✓ Answer: 1985 Q. Expand MOOC. ✓ Answer: Massive Open Online Course

Q. In machines, the start button is usually ___ in colour. ✓ Answer: Green Stop = Red. Start = Green. This is asked almost every year. Q. Which one of the following is not a type of fire extinguisher? ✓ Answer: Carbon monoxide Valid types: CO2, Carbon tetrachloride, Foam. Q. How many bits are there in one nibble? ✓ Answer: 4 bits Quick memory: 4 bits = 1 nibble | 8 bits = 1 byte | 1024 GB = 1 TB Q. Which one of the following is not a Browser? ✓ Answer: Google (Google is a search engine, not a browser. Chrome is the browser.)

Bloom’s Taxonomy is a classification system for educational objectives developed by psychology teachers and test experts. It helps instructors design learning materials for different levels of thinking and performance. Created by: Benjamin Bloom (1956) Alternate name: Taxonomy of Educational Objectives Purpose: Allows instructors to design learning materials as per levels of thinking and performance 💡 CITS POT Exam Fact: The taxonomy was created in 1956. The classification system was developed by psychology teachers and test experts.

The six levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy in the Cognitive Domain, from lowest to highest:

Q. When was Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives created? ✓ Answer: 1956 Q. Who developed the taxonomy of educational objectives? ✓ Answer: Benjamin Bloom Q. Which of the following allows Instructors to design learning materials as per levels of thinking and performance? ✓ Answer: Bloom’s Taxonomy Other options were: ARCS, ADDIE, ISD — all wrong for this specific question. Q. Identify the Bloom’s Level for the question “Define Panchayat”. ✓ Answer: Knowledge (Level 1 — lowest level) Q. In cognitive domain, which level describes distinction between facts and inferences? ✓ Answer: Analysis (Level 4)

Use this mnemonic to remember all 6 levels in order: “Keep Calm And Always Succeed Everyday”
Knowledge → Comprehension → Application → Analysis → Synthesis → Evaluation Key distinctions to remember:

• “Define Panchayat” = Knowledge level (simple recall)
• “Distinguish between facts and inferences” = Analysis level
• Multiple choice questions should be at Evaluation level ideally
• Bloom’s is used in Cognitive Domain (not affective or psychomotor)

Maslow proposed that human needs are arranged in a pyramid with 5 levels. Needs at a lower level must be satisfied before a person is motivated by higher-level needs. Level 1 — Physiological Needs: Food, water, shelter, sleep. The most basic survival needs. Level 2 — Safety & Security Needs: Personal security, employment, health, property. Level 3 — Belonging & Love Needs: Friendship, intimacy, family, sense of belonging. Level 4 — Esteem Needs: Two components — (a) External: Status, recognition, appreciation from others. (b) Internal: Self-respect, achievement, autonomy. Level 5 — Self-Actualization: Realising one’s full potential; becoming the best version of oneself.

Q. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, the needs are classified into ___ levels. ✓ Answer: 5 levels Q. What is the correct sequence of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (Level 2 question) ✓ Answer: Physiological → Safety → Belonging & Love → Esteem → Self-Actualization (1-2-3-4-5) Q. Esteem of others through status, recognition, appreciation etc. and internal factors such as self-respect, achievement and autonomy belongs to ___. ✓ Answer: Esteem needs (Level 4)

Remember the 5 levels with this phrase: “People Should Belong Everywhere, Sincerely”
Physiological → Safety → Belonging → Esteem → Self-Actualization Quick recall points:

• Total levels = 5 (not 4, not 6)
• Esteem needs has both external AND internal components
• Self-Actualization = topmost level
• Physiological = bottommost (most basic) level

The DGT (Directorate General of Training) Hub-Spoke program is a distance learning initiative for training instructors across India using technology. Key facts to remember:

• Hub (Teacher End): Called the Studio
• Spoke (Trainee End): Called the Spoke or Remote Centre
• Technology used: 2-Way Audio, Video and Data Communication
• Software: A-VIEW (developed by Amrita University, Coimbatore)
• Main objective: Train instructors with latest syllabus changes through technology

💡 Easy way to remember: Hub = Teacher’s Studio. Spoke = Like spokes of a bicycle wheel going outward to student centres.

This is the most tested concept in this topic. Learn the distinction carefully: Q. Effect of ___ is poor due to little interaction between Teacher and Student. ✓ Answer: Asynchronous Type Distance Learning Program Q. ___ is effective due to more interaction between teacher and student. ✓ Answer: Synchronous Type Distance Learning Program

Q. The Teacher End in the Distance Learning Program of DGT is known as ___. ✓ Answer: Studio (Hub) Q. The Trainee End in the Distance Learning Program of DGT is known as ___. ✓ Answer: Spoke Q. A-VIEW Software used in the Hub and Spoke Program of DGT is developed by ___. ✓ Answer: Amrita University, Coimbatore Q. Communication between Hub and Spoke Program is done through ___. ✓ Answer: All of these (A-VIEW Software + 2-Way Audio Video Data + Internet) Q. Main objective of Hub and Spoke Scheme of DGT is ___. ✓ Answer: To train the trainers with latest changes in the syllabus through Technology Q. IGNOU was established by an act of Parliament in ___. ✓ Answer: 1985 Q. Expand MOOC. ✓ Answer: Massive Open Online Course Q. When learners cannot access the eLearning at the same time, they are called ___ learners. ✓ Answer: Asynchronous Q. Swayam Prabha is an example of ___. ✓ Answer: Open Educational Resources Q. Which one of these 3 national boards is open? ✓ Answer: NIOS (National Institute of Open Schooling)

WIM = Written Instructional Material Factors to consider while preparing WIM:

• Standard of trainee
• Clear objective
• Source of information
• All of these (correct answer in exam)

This is a comparison that the exam tests frequently. Learn who prepares each and what it is used for: 💡 Key trick: The ONLY material prepared by the STUDENT is the Daily Diary. Everything else is prepared by the instructor.

Q. In WIM, what does W stand for? ✓ Answer: Written Q. In WIM, what does I stand for? ✓ Answer: Instructional (not Instructor, not Information) Q. In WIM, what does M stand for? ✓ Answer: Material Q. Which of the following material is prepared by the student? ✓ Answer: Daily diary Q. Operation sheet is made by ___. ✓ Answer: Instructor Q. ___ are generally used to teach basic skills. ✓ Answer: Operation sheet Q. Which one of the following sheet is prepared by the instructor? ✓ Answer: All of these (Operation sheet, Information sheet, Assignment sheet) Q. The material prepared by the instructor for personal use is called ___. ✓ Answer: Teaching material Q. A job sheet should contain information about ___. ✓ Answer: Both — time taken to perform the job AND instructions and materials needed Q. In which situation would you ask students to use a daily diary? ✓ Answer: Day to day theory & practical activities

💡 The exam specifically asks: Level 2 (Learning) focuses on knowledge, skills and attitude changes. This exact phrasing appears in the question bank.

Q. According to Kirkpatrick there are 4 levels of evaluation. Of these, ___ focuses on knowledge, skills and attitude changes. ✓ Answer: Learning (Level 2) Q. Which is not a level of Kirkpatrick’s Four Level Assessment model? ✓ Answer: Characterization (not a Kirkpatrick level — it is from Bloom’s Affective Domain) Memory trick: “Really Learning Better Results”
Reaction → Learning → Behaviour → Results

Q. National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) of India was established in ___. ✓ Answer: 2008 Q. Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship was founded in ___. ✓ Answer: 2014 Q. National Policy of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship was launched in ___. ✓ Answer: 2015 Q. Expand NSQF. ✓ Answer: National Skills Qualifications Framework Q. Expand NCVT. ✓ Answer: National Council for Vocational Training Q. Which body was set up specifically for engineering, management and pharmaceutical education? ✓ Answer: AICTE Date trick: 2008 → 2014 → 2015
NSDC (2008) → MSDE Ministry created (2014) → NPSDE Policy launched (2015)

Button Colors (very commonly tested):

• START button = GREEN
• STOP button = RED

Fire Extinguisher Types (valid types — remember the one that is NOT):

• ✓ Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• ✓ Carbon tetrachloride
• ✓ Foam
• ✗ Carbon monoxide — NOT a fire extinguisher type

First Aid Box must contain: Dettol, Cotton, Burnol — All of these Good workshop must have: Fire extinguishers, First aid, Safety boards — All of these

Q. If a classroom has more desks than students and boards are cluttered, which 5S principle applies? ✓ Answer: Sort (remove unnecessary items) Q. When a teacher lays out class info, timetable, upcoming events — which 5S principle? ✓ Answer: Standardise

Q. PPE full form? ✓ Answer: Personal Protective Equipment Q. PPE to be worn by students in a Chemistry laboratory? ✓ Answer: Lab coat, Gloves and Glasses Q. Which of the following is not related to housekeeping? ✓ Answer: WIM (Written Instructional Material is NOT related to housekeeping) Q. Which is a reason for accidents? ✓ Answer: Hurry to work Trick: The options include “following safety rules” which is NOT a reason for accidents.

SWOT = Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat The exam loves asking “which one is NOT part of SWOT?” — the wrong options given are:

• ❌ Organisations (not in SWOT)
• ❌ Willingness (not in SWOT)
• ❌ Thresholds (not in SWOT)

SWOT can be used for: Corporate strategy, Career planning, Correcting problems — All of these

MUDRA Yojana (Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana):

• Loan amount: Rs 10,000 to Rs 10 lakh
• Not Rs 50,000, not Rs 50 lakh — the exact range matters

Standup India:

• Objective: Help SC/ST and women minorities set up greenfield businesses
• NOT just about giving loans — it is about establishing entrepreneurs from these groups

CIBIL Score: Used to check credit worthiness (not net assets, not collateral) B:C Ratio: Used for Cost Benefit Analysis Non-Performing Asset (NPA): A loan/advance where principal or interest payment remained overdue for 90 days

Q. An Entrepreneur’s primary motivation for starting a business is ___. ✓ Answer: To be independent Q. Entrepreneurs are ___. ✓ Answer: Moderate risk takers (not high, not low) Q. Of the 4Ps of marketing, which one deals with having a clear understanding of what you are offering? ✓ Answer: Product 4Ps: Product, Price, Place, Promotion Q. Which of the following is not the part of Physical Evidence in 7Ps? ✓ Answer: Advertising (Advertising is Promotion, not Physical Evidence)

Level 1 is more definition and fact-based. Focus on:

• WIM — 16 questions. Know who prepares what, full forms of W/I/M
• Teaching Methods — 16 questions. Four-step method sequence, micro teaching
• Assessment & Testing — 15 questions. Kirkpatrick, types of tests
• Distance Learning — 13 questions. Hub-Spoke, A-VIEW, IGNOU, synchronous/async
• Counselling — 11 questions. Stages of counselling, good/bad counsellor qualities

Tip for Level 1: Most answers are “All of these” — when three valid options are listed, the fourth option “All of these” is usually correct. Verify this pattern in practice tests.

Level 2 has more complex question formats. Focus on:

• Teaching Methods — 26 questions. Much heavier in L2. Includes scenario-based questions about what an instructor should do.
• Learning Psychology — 11 questions. Laws of Memory (Recency, Frequency, Continuity, Similarity, Contrast), stages of competence
• Learning Theories — 6 questions. Which animal was used in which experiment (Pavlov=dog, Thorndike=cat, Kohler=chimpanzee)
• Entrepreneurship — 7 questions. MUDRA, B:C ratio, 7Ps of marketing
• Assessment — 7 questions. Direct vs indirect methods, moderation benefits

Tip for Level 2: Match-the-following questions follow a consistent pattern. The answer is almost always option (A) or (D) — practice enough to notice this pattern in the question bank.